Saturday, June 17, 2006
Wengo Phone
Ever heard about calling your loved ones in India for almost free ? Well, that almost came true last week when people got in th ebandwagon of Wengo, a VOIP provider from France. The voice quality was (yes, teh service is down from yesterday) top notch. As of now, no one knows if it wil be up again and/or we will be reimbursed for our 13 bucks.
ABC of mutual fund investing
Volatility
Modern Portfolio Theory is an investment approach that explores how investors can design portfolios to seek the best potential return for an assumed level of portfolio risk. The theory also quantifies the benefits of asset allocation, which is the practice of seeking to reduce investment risk by strategically dividing assets among several different asset classes. The asset allocation process starts by considering time horizon, return objectives and risk tolerance. Though asset allocation cannot eliminate investment risk or losses, it may provide opportunities to lessen a portfolio's volatility.
Using a number of statistical measures, an investor can use modern portfolio theory to classify or estimate the amount of assumed risk and potential reward in a portfolio. The statistics provided in the Mutual Fund Center are based on the fund's performance over the time periods noted.
Alpha
Measures the difference between a fund's actual returns and its expected performance, given its level of risk (as measured by Beta). Alpha combines the volatility the fund's price has experienced relative to the market and the returns the fund has generated relative to the market, to define the "excessive risk" of the fund. A negative Alpha means a fund has underperformed its index relative to how much volatility has been shown.
Beta
Measures the fund's sensitivity to market movements. A portfolio with a Beta greater than 1.00 is more volatile than the market, and a portfolio with a Beta less than 1.00 is less volatile than the market. Therefore, the higher the Beta, the more sharply the fund's price has moved in relation to the market's movement.
Standard Deviation
A statistical measure of the volatility of the fund's returns. The higher the fund's standard deviation, the greater its volatility has been.
Sharpe Ratio
A measure that uses the standard deviation and excess return to determine reward per unit of risk. The Sharpe Ratio is a measurement of risk-adjusted performance calculated by dividing the excess return of a portfolio above the risk-free rate by its standard deviation. High values indicate greater return per unit of risk.
R-squared
A measure that reflects the percentage of a fund's movements that are explained by movements in its benchmark index, showing the degree of correlation between the fund and the benchmark. R-squared measures how closely correlated the fund's performance was to the index. The higher the R-squared statistic (out of a possible 100), the more relevant the Alpha and Beta figures may be.
(courtsey, Wellsfargo bank)
Modern Portfolio Theory is an investment approach that explores how investors can design portfolios to seek the best potential return for an assumed level of portfolio risk. The theory also quantifies the benefits of asset allocation, which is the practice of seeking to reduce investment risk by strategically dividing assets among several different asset classes. The asset allocation process starts by considering time horizon, return objectives and risk tolerance. Though asset allocation cannot eliminate investment risk or losses, it may provide opportunities to lessen a portfolio's volatility.
Using a number of statistical measures, an investor can use modern portfolio theory to classify or estimate the amount of assumed risk and potential reward in a portfolio. The statistics provided in the Mutual Fund Center are based on the fund's performance over the time periods noted.
Alpha
Measures the difference between a fund's actual returns and its expected performance, given its level of risk (as measured by Beta). Alpha combines the volatility the fund's price has experienced relative to the market and the returns the fund has generated relative to the market, to define the "excessive risk" of the fund. A negative Alpha means a fund has underperformed its index relative to how much volatility has been shown.
Beta
Measures the fund's sensitivity to market movements. A portfolio with a Beta greater than 1.00 is more volatile than the market, and a portfolio with a Beta less than 1.00 is less volatile than the market. Therefore, the higher the Beta, the more sharply the fund's price has moved in relation to the market's movement.
Standard Deviation
A statistical measure of the volatility of the fund's returns. The higher the fund's standard deviation, the greater its volatility has been.
Sharpe Ratio
A measure that uses the standard deviation and excess return to determine reward per unit of risk. The Sharpe Ratio is a measurement of risk-adjusted performance calculated by dividing the excess return of a portfolio above the risk-free rate by its standard deviation. High values indicate greater return per unit of risk.
R-squared
A measure that reflects the percentage of a fund's movements that are explained by movements in its benchmark index, showing the degree of correlation between the fund and the benchmark. R-squared measures how closely correlated the fund's performance was to the index. The higher the R-squared statistic (out of a possible 100), the more relevant the Alpha and Beta figures may be.
(courtsey, Wellsfargo bank)
Monday, June 12, 2006
linksys Pap2 dialing plan: Mystry resolved
Dial plans can be a bit tricky to master at first, but offer great flexibility when you understand them. Here is an explanation of the sipura spa dial plan structure, and sample dial plans.
Common notations
() opening and closing brackets - the entire dial plan string is enclosed in brackets.
| each dial plan is separated from the next by the pipe |, but the first and last part of the dial plan only have an opening and closing bracket respectively.
The dial plan can include specific individual keys 0 to 9 (inclusive), * and #
x any numeric digit from 0 to 9
. repetition eg x. means any numeric digit (x) repeated 0 or more times.
Other things:
Substitution: replace 03 with 613 by writing <03:613>
Outside line: inset a comma , between digits for an outside line dial tone eg 9,03xxxxxxxx means dial 9 then you will get an outside dial tone until you press 0.
Barring numbers: put a ! at the end of a sequence to prevent it being dialed.
Immediate dial S0 - (capital S zero) immediately dial the numbers after you've matched the dial plan sequence. For example: 000S0
Gateways Spa 3k only: dial out through a gateway by adding <:@gw1> to the dial plan for gateway 1; or <:@gw0> for gateway 0 (PSTN) etc
Limited choice 1 If your dial plan contains [579]xxx then it will match with any four digit sequence starting with either 5, 7 or 9
Limited choice 2 If your dial plan contains [5-9]xxx then it will match with any four digit sequence starting with either 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9
Simple dial plan:
(000S0<:@gw0>|<#9:>xx.< :@gw0>|<0:61>xxxxxxxxx|< :613>xxxxxxxx|<:03>[23567 ]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>)
Explanation:
000S0<:@gw0> This will dial 000 by the PSTN gateway (Spa3k only) immediately after you've pressed the third zero.
<#9:>xx.<:@gw0> You dial #9 then any phone number and it will dial the phone number through the PSTN gateway (over the POTS line) - Spa3k only
<0:61>xxxxxxxxx You dial, for example, 02 9678 5555 and the unit will convert this to 612 9678 5555 and dial out over Line 1 (voip)
<:613>xxxxxxxx You dial, for example, 9678 5555 and the unit will convert this to 613 9678 5555 and dial out over Line 1 (voip).
<:03>[23567]xxxxxxx<:@gw2> (Spa3k only) You dial, for example 5678 5678 and the unit will convert this to 03 5678 5678 and dial out through gateway 2 (which you will have set up with another provider). This sequence will only match when you dial a number that starts with either 2,3,5,6 or 7.
A more complex dial plan
(000S0<:@gw0>|<#9:>xx.< :@gw0>|<0:61>[23][89? ]xxxxxxx|<:613>[89]xxxxxxx|< 026:6126>[12]xxxxxxx|<073:6173> xxxxxxx|<08:618>[67]xxxxxxx|< 088:6188>[1-4]xxxxxx|<089:6189> [2-4]xxxxxx|<04:614>xxxxxxxx|< 0011:>xx.|<1800:611800>xx.|< 13:6113>xx.|89[89]060xx.|<:03> [23567]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>|0[2378 ][2-7]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>|<#2:> xx.<:<@gw2>|<060:0661> ? xxxxxxxxx|<06:06613>xxxxxxxx|< 090:0961>xxxxxxxxx|<09:09613> xxxxxxxx|<090011:>xx.|<#1 13:0516113>xx.<:@gw1>|< #10:05161>xx? xxxxxxxS0<:@gw1|<#1:051613> ? [5-9]xxxxxxxS0<:@gw1)
Common notations
() opening and closing brackets - the entire dial plan string is enclosed in brackets.
| each dial plan is separated from the next by the pipe |, but the first and last part of the dial plan only have an opening and closing bracket respectively.
The dial plan can include specific individual keys 0 to 9 (inclusive), * and #
x any numeric digit from 0 to 9
. repetition eg x. means any numeric digit (x) repeated 0 or more times.
Other things:
Substitution: replace 03 with 613 by writing <03:613>
Outside line: inset a comma , between digits for an outside line dial tone eg 9,03xxxxxxxx means dial 9 then you will get an outside dial tone until you press 0.
Barring numbers: put a ! at the end of a sequence to prevent it being dialed.
Immediate dial S0 - (capital S zero) immediately dial the numbers after you've matched the dial plan sequence. For example: 000S0
Gateways Spa 3k only: dial out through a gateway by adding <:@gw1> to the dial plan for gateway 1; or <:@gw0> for gateway 0 (PSTN) etc
Limited choice 1 If your dial plan contains [579]xxx then it will match with any four digit sequence starting with either 5, 7 or 9
Limited choice 2 If your dial plan contains [5-9]xxx then it will match with any four digit sequence starting with either 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9
Simple dial plan:
(000S0<:@gw0>|<#9:>xx.< :@gw0>|<0:61>xxxxxxxxx|< :613>xxxxxxxx|<:03>[23567 ]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>)
Explanation:
000S0<:@gw0> This will dial 000 by the PSTN gateway (Spa3k only) immediately after you've pressed the third zero.
<#9:>xx.<:@gw0> You dial #9 then any phone number and it will dial the phone number through the PSTN gateway (over the POTS line) - Spa3k only
<0:61>xxxxxxxxx You dial, for example, 02 9678 5555 and the unit will convert this to 612 9678 5555 and dial out over Line 1 (voip)
<:613>xxxxxxxx You dial, for example, 9678 5555 and the unit will convert this to 613 9678 5555 and dial out over Line 1 (voip).
<:03>[23567]xxxxxxx<:@gw2> (Spa3k only) You dial, for example 5678 5678 and the unit will convert this to 03 5678 5678 and dial out through gateway 2 (which you will have set up with another provider). This sequence will only match when you dial a number that starts with either 2,3,5,6 or 7.
A more complex dial plan
(000S0<:@gw0>|<#9:>xx.< :@gw0>|<0:61>[23][89? ]xxxxxxx|<:613>[89]xxxxxxx|< 026:6126>[12]xxxxxxx|<073:6173> xxxxxxx|<08:618>[67]xxxxxxx|< 088:6188>[1-4]xxxxxx|<089:6189> [2-4]xxxxxx|<04:614>xxxxxxxx|< 0011:>xx.|<1800:611800>xx.|< 13:6113>xx.|89[89]060xx.|<:03> [23567]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>|0[2378 ][2-7]xxxxxxx<:@gw2>|<#2:> xx.<:<@gw2>|<060:0661> ? xxxxxxxxx|<06:06613>xxxxxxxx|< 090:0961>xxxxxxxxx|<09:09613> xxxxxxxx|<090011:>xx.|<#1 13:0516113>xx.<:@gw1>|< #10:05161>xx? xxxxxxxS0<:@gw1|<#1:051613> ? [5-9]xxxxxxxS0<:@gw1)
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